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Shaheed Udham Singh Martyrdom Day : 31st July
Shaheed Udham Singh Martyrdom Day : 31st July
Shaheed Udham Singh was sentenced to death for the assassination of Michael O’Dwyer and hanged on July 31, 1940. This day was announced by the Haryana Government to be observed as Shaheed Udham Singh Martyrdom Day on July 31 every year. This declaration includes the closure of all government and private schools throughout the state, including Gurgaon and Faridabad.
Shaheed Udham Singh is recognised and remembered in India for assassinating Michael O’Dwyer on March 13, 1940. Michael O’Dwyer was the mastermind behind the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919 and was granted a clean chit by the British parliament.
Shaheed Udham Singh was a freedom fighter, belonging to the Ghadr Party, who is credited with the assassination of Michael O’Dwyer in London in 1940. Michael O’Dwyer was considered the main culprit in India behind the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919. The Haryana Government announced the celebration of the martyrdom day of Shaheed Udham Singh as a gazetted holiday all across the state on July 31.
Shaheed Udham Singh was a freedom fighter, belonging to the Ghadr Party, who is credited with the assassination of Michael O’Dwyer in London in 1940. Michael O’Dwyer was considered the main culprit in India behind the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919. The Haryana Government announced the celebration of the martyrdom day of Shaheed Udham Singh as a gazetted holiday all across the state on July 31.
Shaheed Udham Singh Biography
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Birth Name: Sher Singh
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Date of Birth: 26 December 1899
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Place of Birth: Sunam, Sangrur (Punjab)
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Date of Martyrdom: 31 July 1940
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Place of Martyrdom: Pentonville Prison, London, England
Family & Childhood
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Father: Tehal (Tahal) Singh, an employee in the Railways.
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Mother: Narayan Kaur.
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Elder Brother: Mukta Singh (formerly Sadhu Singh).
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In 1907, Sher Singh and his brother were admitted to the Central Khalsa Orphanage, Amritsar.
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At the orphanage, Sher Singh was renamed Udham Singh.
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He passed the Matriculation Examination in 1918 and then left the orphanage.
Revolutionary Life
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Udham Singh witnessed the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (13 April 1919), which inspired him to join the freedom struggle.
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He became associated with the Ghadar Party.
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He travelled to the United States of America (USA) and received training in revolutionary and militant activities.
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He was arrested in Amritsar and sentenced to four years' imprisonment.
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After his release in 1931, he returned to Sunam, where he was continuously harassed by the police.
Ram Mohammad Singh Azad
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Udham Singh adopted the name Ram Mohammad Singh Azad.
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The name symbolised the unity of Hinduism, Islam and Sikhism.
Journey to England
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In 1934, Udham Singh went to London.
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His main objective was to avenge the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
Assassination of Michael O'Dwyer
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On 13 March 1940, Udham Singh assassinated Sir Michael O'Dwyer.
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The incident took place at Caxton Hall, London.
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Sir Michael O'Dwyer was the Lieutenant Governor of Punjab (1913–1919) during the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
Trial and Martyrdom
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Udham Singh was tried for the murder of Michael O'Dwyer.
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He was executed by hanging on 31 July 1940.
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The execution took place at Pentonville Prison, London.
Return of Ashes
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In 1975, the Government of India, with the support of the Punjab Government, brought his ashes back to India.
Memorials
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A museum dedicated to Shaheed Udham Singh is located in Amritsar.
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A Shaheed Udham Singh Memorial has been built at Sunam.
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Udham Singh Nagar district in Uttarakhand was named after him in October 1995 as a tribute.
Organizations
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Member of the Ghadar Party.
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Associated with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).
Key Contributions/Work
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He formed Azad Party in Chicago as a part of Ghadar Party.
- On 13th March 1940, he shot Michael O'Dwyer who was the then Lieutenant Governor of Punjab when the Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place.
Facts : Ghadar Party
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The Ghadar Party was founded in 1913 in the United States.
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Baba Sohan Singh Bhakna was the first President.
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Lala Har Dayal was the principal organiser and ideological leader.
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Headquarters were at Yugantar Ashram, San Francisco.
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